In central government, the MIIA qualification tends to prevail. Most audit managers in central government departments and Executive Agencies generally prefer internal auditors who are MIIA qualified. Their view is that it is a "pure" audit qualification that equips them for an advisory and audit role in huge diverse organisations.
Understandably there is some bias towards the CIPFA qualification elsewhere in the public sector, especially in local government and the NHS, although it is rarely seen as essential in either case. The obvious attraction of the CIPFA qualification is its emphasis on management, making it a useful preparation for a management career, and its unique insight into public policy making and ethics. As a qualification for internal auditors, CIPFA's emphasis on management, decision-making and accountability make it highly relevant for a role in local government and the NHS.
CIPFA holds examinations twice a year in June and December and students must sit four levels prior to qualification. Foundation, Professional 1 and Professional 2 exams consist of a series of separate 3-hour subject papers. Professional 3 level comprises a day long Finance and Management Case Study and a 6,000-8,000 word project which is presented orally.
CIPFA also offers a Certificate and Diploma in Public Sector Audit and Accountancy. This qualification is designed to enable public sector staff to develop technical skills in internal audit, accountancy and public sector finance. It is recognised as satisfying the Government Internal Audit Standard.
The Government Internal Audit Standard sets out the body of knowledge and techniques that internal auditors need to acquire and the minimum level of expertise and proficiency. Internal audit staff achieving the standard are certified and are recognised as leading practitioners in the profession.
In central government, HM Treasury's Audit Policy & Advice Team has responsibility for setting internal audit standards and best practice in internal audit. These standards, which are contained in the Government Internal Audit Manual, are used by internal auditors throughout central government. They support concepts such as the constitutional position of the Accounting Officer, accountability to Parliament, propriety and value for money. They also set out the role of internal audit and contain guidance on the scope of work, independence, planning, audit approach, controls reporting, due professional care, relationships, staffing and training.
